| Title |
Pre-fusion F is absent on the surface of formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Scientific Reports, September 2016
|
| DOI | 10.1038/srep34108 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
April M. Killikelly, Masaru Kanekiyo, Barney S. Graham |
| Abstract |
The lack of a licensed vaccine for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can be partly attributed to regulatory hurdles resulting from vaccine enhanced respiratory disease (ERD) subsequent to natural RSV infection that was observed in clinical trials of formalin-inactivated RSV (FI-RSV) in antigen-naïve infants. To develop an effective vaccine that does not enhance RSV illness, it is important to understand how formalin and heat inactivation affected the antigenicity and immunogenicity of FI-RSV compared to native virus. Informed by atomic structures of RSV fusion (F) glycoprotein in prefusion (pre-F) and postfusion (post-F) conformations, we demonstrate that FI-RSV predominately presents post-F on the virion surface, whereas infectious RSV presents both pre-F and post-F conformations. This significant antigenic distinction has not been previously appreciated. Thus, a stabilized pre-F antigen is more representative of live RSV than F in its post-F conformation, as displayed on the surface of FI-RSV. This finding has major implications for discriminating current pre-F-based immunogens from FI-RSV used in historical vaccine trials. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 3 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Portugal | 1 | 33% |
| Unknown | 2 | 67% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 2 | 67% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 1 | 33% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 129 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Belgium | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 128 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 32 | 25% |
| Researcher | 20 | 16% |
| Student > Master | 15 | 12% |
| Student > Bachelor | 10 | 8% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 4% |
| Other | 12 | 9% |
| Unknown | 35 | 27% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Immunology and Microbiology | 29 | 22% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 21 | 16% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 15 | 12% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 9 | 7% |
| Engineering | 3 | 2% |
| Other | 12 | 9% |
| Unknown | 40 | 31% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 34. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 09 February 2024.
All research outputs
#1,183,427
of 25,377,790 outputs
Outputs from Scientific Reports
#11,882
of 140,695 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#21,459
of 330,446 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Scientific Reports
#352
of 3,528 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,377,790 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 95th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 140,695 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 18.7. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 91% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 3,528 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 90% of its contemporaries.