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Brainstem tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by increase of three repeat tau and independent of amyloid β

Overview of attention for article published in Acta Neuropathologica Communications, January 2018
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  • Above-average Attention Score compared to outputs of the same age (51st percentile)

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Title
Brainstem tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by increase of three repeat tau and independent of amyloid β
Published in
Acta Neuropathologica Communications, January 2018
DOI 10.1186/s40478-017-0501-1
Pubmed ID
Authors

Miho Uematsu, Ayako Nakamura, Momoko Ebashi, Katsuiku Hirokawa, Ryosuke Takahashi, Toshiki Uchihara

Abstract

Alzheimer-type neuropil threads (NTs) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are comprised of either 4 repeat (4R)-tau, 3 repeat (3R)-tau, or a mixture of both. In the hippocampus, the number of NFTs, and the proportion of 3R tau progressively increases. If this preferential accumulation of 3R tau also occurs in the brainstem, it may be fundamentally related to progression of Alzheimer pathology. Midbrain and pontine sections of brainstems from 23 cases (Braak-NFT stages I/II: 8, III/IV: 8, and V/VI: 7) were double immunofluorolabeled for 4R and 3R tau. High-resolution (0.645 μm/pixel), in-focus snapshots were tiled to cover entire brain sections using a virtual slide system. Each lesion was classified by size (NT < 200 μm2 < NFT) and staining profile (3R/4R). In addition, the localization and quantity of amyloid β (Aβ) deposits were examined in adjacent sections for comparison with tau. The data sets obtained from approximately 286 gigabytes of image files consisted of 847,763 NTs and 7859 NFTs. The proportion of 3R tau-positive NTs and NFTs in the midbrain, and 3R tau-positive NTs in the pons gradually increased with advancing NFT stages, while the proportion of 3R tau-positive NFTs in the pons was already elevated at early stages. Aβ deposits were absent at NFT stages I/II, and when present at later stages, their regional distribution was different from that of tau. These observations suggest that a progressive increase in the proportion of 3R tau occurs independently of Aβ deposits. This is the first quantitative analysis of NFTs and NTs in the human brainstem. We demonstrate that the proportion of 3R tau in the brainstem neurofibrillary changes increases with disease progression. Because this phenomenon is shared between the brainstem and the hippocampus, this increase may be fundamental to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease.

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Mendeley readers

Mendeley readers

The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 72 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.

Geographical breakdown

Country Count As %
Unknown 72 100%

Demographic breakdown

Readers by professional status Count As %
Researcher 11 15%
Student > Ph. D. Student 10 14%
Other 7 10%
Student > Bachelor 7 10%
Student > Master 4 6%
Other 14 19%
Unknown 19 26%
Readers by discipline Count As %
Neuroscience 21 29%
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology 9 13%
Medicine and Dentistry 7 10%
Immunology and Microbiology 3 4%
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science 2 3%
Other 9 13%
Unknown 21 29%
Attention Score in Context

Attention Score in Context

This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 3. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 21 March 2018.
All research outputs
#13,225,036
of 23,015,156 outputs
Outputs from Acta Neuropathologica Communications
#1,010
of 1,394 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#211,264
of 442,518 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Acta Neuropathologica Communications
#19
of 26 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 23,015,156 research outputs across all sources so far. This one is in the 42nd percentile – i.e., 42% of other outputs scored the same or lower than it.
So far Altmetric has tracked 1,394 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 12.8. This one is in the 27th percentile – i.e., 27% of its peers scored the same or lower than it.
Older research outputs will score higher simply because they've had more time to accumulate mentions. To account for age we can compare this Altmetric Attention Score to the 442,518 tracked outputs that were published within six weeks on either side of this one in any source. This one has gotten more attention than average, scoring higher than 51% of its contemporaries.
We're also able to compare this research output to 26 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one is in the 23rd percentile – i.e., 23% of its contemporaries scored the same or lower than it.