| Title |
Spinal cord injury-induced immunodeficiency is mediated by a sympathetic-neuroendocrine adrenal reflex
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Nature Neuroscience, September 2017
|
| DOI | 10.1038/nn.4643 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
Harald Prüss, Andrea Tedeschi, Aude Thiriot, Lydia Lynch, Scott M Loughhead, Susanne Stutte, Irina B Mazo, Marcel A Kopp, Benedikt Brommer, Christian Blex, Laura-Christin Geurtz, Thomas Liebscher, Andreas Niedeggen, Ulrich Dirnagl, Frank Bradke, Magdalena S Volz, Michael J DeVivo, Yuying Chen, Ulrich H von Andrian, Jan M Schwab |
| Abstract |
Acute spinal cord injury (SCI) causes systemic immunosuppression and life-threatening infections, thought to result from noradrenergic overactivation and excess glucocorticoid release via hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis stimulation. Instead of consecutive hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis activation, we report that acute SCI in mice induced suppression of serum norepinephrine and concomitant increase in cortisol, despite suppressed adrenocorticotropic hormone, indicating primary (adrenal) hypercortisolism. This neurogenic effect was more pronounced after high-thoracic level (Th1) SCI disconnecting adrenal gland innervation, compared with low-thoracic level (Th9) SCI. Prophylactic adrenalectomy completely prevented SCI-induced glucocorticoid excess and lymphocyte depletion but did not prevent pneumonia. When adrenalectomized mice were transplanted with denervated adrenal glands to restore physiologic glucocorticoid levels, the animals were completely protected from pneumonia. These findings identify a maladaptive sympathetic-neuroendocrine adrenal reflex mediating immunosuppression after SCI, implying that therapeutic normalization of the glucocorticoid and catecholamine imbalance in SCI patients could be a strategy to prevent detrimental infections. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 156 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Italy | 26 | 17% |
| United States | 18 | 12% |
| United Kingdom | 6 | 4% |
| Netherlands | 2 | 1% |
| Spain | 2 | 1% |
| Germany | 2 | 1% |
| Chile | 1 | <1% |
| India | 1 | <1% |
| Serbia | 1 | <1% |
| Other | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 96 | 62% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 141 | 90% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 7 | 4% |
| Scientists | 6 | 4% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 1% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 134 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Unknown | 134 | 100% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 30 | 22% |
| Researcher | 23 | 17% |
| Student > Bachelor | 10 | 7% |
| Student > Master | 9 | 7% |
| Student > Doctoral Student | 7 | 5% |
| Other | 19 | 14% |
| Unknown | 36 | 27% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Neuroscience | 25 | 19% |
| Medicine and Dentistry | 19 | 14% |
| Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 15 | 11% |
| Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology | 12 | 9% |
| Immunology and Microbiology | 9 | 7% |
| Other | 12 | 9% |
| Unknown | 42 | 31% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 245. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 14 August 2021.
All research outputs
#155,146
of 25,755,403 outputs
Outputs from Nature Neuroscience
#243
of 5,660 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#3,224
of 326,559 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Nature Neuroscience
#2
of 56 outputs
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