| Title |
Two-stroke scooters are a dominant source of air pollution in many cities
|
|---|---|
| Published in |
Nature Communications, May 2014
|
| DOI | 10.1038/ncomms4749 |
| Pubmed ID | |
| Authors |
S.M. Platt, I.El. Haddad, S.M. Pieber, R.-J. Huang, A.A. Zardini, M. Clairotte, R. Suarez-Bertoa, P. Barmet, L. Pfaffenberger, R. Wolf, J.G. Slowik, S.J. Fuller, M. Kalberer, R. Chirico, J. Dommen, C. Astorga, R. Zimmermann, N. Marchand, S. Hellebust, B. Temime-Roussel, U. Baltensperger, A.S.H. Prévôt |
| Abstract |
Fossil fuel-powered vehicles emit significant particulate matter, for example, black carbon and primary organic aerosol, and produce secondary organic aerosol. Here we quantify secondary organic aerosol production from two-stroke scooters. Cars and trucks, particularly diesel vehicles, are thought to be the main vehicular pollution sources. This needs re-thinking, as we show that elevated particulate matter levels can be a consequence of 'asymmetric pollution' from two-stroke scooters, vehicles that constitute a small fraction of the fleet, but can dominate urban vehicular pollution through organic aerosol and aromatic emission factors up to thousands of times higher than from other vehicle classes. Further, we demonstrate that oxidation processes producing secondary organic aerosol from vehicle exhaust also form potentially toxic 'reactive oxygen species'. |
X Demographics
The data shown below were collected from the profiles of 75 X users who shared this research output. Click here to find out more about how the information was compiled.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Spain | 13 | 17% |
| United States | 7 | 9% |
| France | 5 | 7% |
| Germany | 5 | 7% |
| Australia | 2 | 3% |
| Belgium | 2 | 3% |
| Luxembourg | 2 | 3% |
| Cuba | 1 | 1% |
| Ireland | 1 | 1% |
| Other | 11 | 15% |
| Unknown | 26 | 35% |
Demographic breakdown
| Type | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Members of the public | 65 | 87% |
| Scientists | 5 | 7% |
| Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 4% |
| Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 3% |
Mendeley readers
The data shown below were compiled from readership statistics for 193 Mendeley readers of this research output. Click here to see the associated Mendeley record.
Geographical breakdown
| Country | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| United States | 3 | 2% |
| United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
| Italy | 1 | <1% |
| Unknown | 188 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
| Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Student > Ph. D. Student | 41 | 21% |
| Researcher | 38 | 20% |
| Student > Master | 16 | 8% |
| Student > Bachelor | 13 | 7% |
| Student > Postgraduate | 9 | 5% |
| Other | 37 | 19% |
| Unknown | 39 | 20% |
| Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
|---|---|---|
| Environmental Science | 46 | 24% |
| Engineering | 25 | 13% |
| Chemistry | 18 | 9% |
| Earth and Planetary Sciences | 12 | 6% |
| Physics and Astronomy | 8 | 4% |
| Other | 31 | 16% |
| Unknown | 53 | 27% |
Attention Score in Context
This research output has an Altmetric Attention Score of 233. This is our high-level measure of the quality and quantity of online attention that it has received. This Attention Score, as well as the ranking and number of research outputs shown below, was calculated when the research output was last mentioned on 25 January 2024.
All research outputs
#165,045
of 25,706,302 outputs
Outputs from Nature Communications
#2,344
of 58,155 outputs
Outputs of similar age
#1,259
of 242,383 outputs
Outputs of similar age from Nature Communications
#21
of 618 outputs
Altmetric has tracked 25,706,302 research outputs across all sources so far. Compared to these this one has done particularly well and is in the 99th percentile: it's in the top 5% of all research outputs ever tracked by Altmetric.
So far Altmetric has tracked 58,155 research outputs from this source. They typically receive a lot more attention than average, with a mean Attention Score of 55.3. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 95% of its peers.
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We're also able to compare this research output to 618 others from the same source and published within six weeks on either side of this one. This one has done particularly well, scoring higher than 96% of its contemporaries.